English Alphabet


The English alphabet consists of letters used in the English language. It comprises a total of 26 letters and is classified into two main categories: uppercase letters and lowercase letters. These letters are used to form words and sentences in English. Until fairly recently (until 1835), the 27th letter of the alphabet (right after "z") was the ampersand (&).

Uppercase letters: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
Lowercase letters: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z

Letter (Uppercase) Letter (Lowercase) Phonic (Pronunciation) Name of the letter NATO phonetic alphabet Letter Morse Code
A a /eɪ/, /æ/ a Alfa .-
B b /biː/ bee Bravo -...
C c /siː/ cee Charlie -.-.
D d /diː/ dee Delta -..
E e /iː/ e Echo .
F f /ɛf/ ef Foxtrot ..-.
G g /dʒiː/ gee Golf --.
H h /eɪtʃ/ (h)aitch Hotel ....
I i /aɪ/ i India ..
J j /dʒeɪ/ jay Juliet .---
K k /keɪ/ kay Kilo -.-
L l /ɛl/ el Lima .-..
M m /ɛm/ em Mike --
N n /ɛn/ en November -.
O o /oʊ/ o Oscar ---
P p /piː/ pee Papa .--.
Q q /kjuː/ cue Quebec --.-
R r /ɑr/ ar Romeo .-.
S s /ɛs/ ess Sierra ...
T t /tiː/ tee Tango -
U u /juː/ u Uniform ..-
V v /viː/ vee Victor ...-
W w /ˈdʌbəl.juː/ double-u Whiskey .--
X x /ɛks/ ex X-ray -..-
Y y /waɪ/ wy Yankee -.--
Z z /zi/zɛd/ zee/zed Zulu --..

How many letters in English?

In the English language, there are 26 letters in the alphabet. These letters are used to form words and sentences, and they are divided into two main categories: uppercase (capital) letters and lowercase letters.

English Vowels Letters

In English, the vowels are the letters A, E, I, O, U, and sometimes Y. These letters represent both short and long vowel sounds.

English Consonants Letters

In English, consonants are letters other than vowels. They include the following letters:
B, C, D, F, G, H, J, K, L, M, N, P, Q, R, S, T, V, W, X, Y, Z

Old English

The Old English alphabet, also known as the Anglo-Saxon or Futhorc alphabet, evolved from the runic alphabet used by the Germanic peoples, specifically the Anglo-Saxons, who inhabited England from the 5th to the 11th centuries. The Old English alphabet consisted of letters known as runes, which were used for writing in various Germanic languages before the adoption of the Latin alphabet. These runes were used for inscriptions, manuscripts, and various written communications during the Old English period. As the Latin alphabet became more widespread, it eventually replaced the runic system for writing in English.

Futhorc Alphabet


  • ᚠ (Fé) - "F"
  • ᚢ (Úr) - "U"
  • ᚦ (Diken) - "Th"
  • ᚩ (Ós) - "O"
  • ᚱ (Rád) - "R"
  • ᚳ (Cēn) - "C"
  • ᚷ (Gyfu) - "G"
  • ᚹ (Wyn) - "W"
  • ᚻ (Hægl) - "H"
  • ᚾ (Nyd) - "N"
  • ᛁ (Is) - "I"
  • ᛄ (Ger) - "J" or "Y"
  • ᛇ (Ior) - "I"
  • ᛈ (Peordh) - "P"
  • ᛉ (Eolhx) - "X"
  • ᛋ (Sige) - "S"
  • ᛏ (Tiw) - "T"
  • ᛒ (Beorc) - "B"
  • ᛖ (Eh) - "E"
  • ᛗ (Man) - "M"
  • ᛚ (Lagu) - "L"
  • ᛝ (Ing) - "NG"
  • ᛟ (Ethel) - "OE"
  • ᛞ (Dæg) - "D"